feat(db): 引入 Alembic 取代裸 DDL 迁移

- alembic init + env.py 接 settings/models metadata（asyncpg->psycopg2 同步 URL） - 补 3 个 CheckConstraint 到 models（原只在裸 DDL） - 离线生成初始迁移（31 表+约束+95 索引，全 sa.* 通用类型） - init_db 用 _run_alembic_migrations（自动基线+upgrade head）替换 create_tables+ensure_schema_updates（删 92 行裸 DDL） - 删破坏性 migrate_db.py（drop_all） - 既有 DB 首次启动自动 stamp 基线，无需手动 Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-20 11:04:23 +08:00
parent 66ba6e00f5
commit 00ca81287e
8 changed files with 1023 additions and 150 deletions
@@ -7,9 +7,44 @@ from shared.models.database import User, Role, Permission, UserRole, RolePermiss
 from shared.services.auth_service import get_password_hash
 from shared.config.settings import settings
 from shared.utils.logger import get_logger
+from alembic.config import Config
+from alembic import command

 logger = get_logger(__name__)

+_ALEMBIC_INI = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[3] / "alembic.ini"
+
+
+def _alembic_stamp_head() -> None:
+    """将当前 DB 标记为已到最新版本（基线既有 DB，不执行 SQL）"""
+    cfg = Config(str(_ALEMBIC_INI))
+    command.stamp(cfg, "head")
+
+
+def _alembic_upgrade_head() -> None:
+    """执行 alembic 迁移到最新版本"""
+    cfg = Config(str(_ALEMBIC_INI))
+    command.upgrade(cfg, "head")
+
+
+async def _run_alembic_migrations() -> None:
+    """以 alembic 管理 schema：既有未纳入管理的 DB 自动 stamp 基线，再 upgrade head
+
+    - 全新 DB：upgrade head 执行初始迁移，创建全部表
+    - 既有已纳入管理：upgrade head 为 no-op
+    - 既有但无 alembic_version（历史 DB）：先 stamp head 基线，再 upgrade（no-op）
+    """
+    async with db_manager.engine.begin() as conn:
+        has_alembic = await conn.execute(text("SELECT to_regclass('public.alembic_version')")).scalar()
+        if not has_alembic:
+            table_count = await conn.execute(
+                text("SELECT count(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='public' AND table_name <> 'alembic_version'")
+            ).scalar()
+            if table_count and table_count > 0:
+                logger.info("检测到既有 DB 未纳入 alembic 管理，自动 stamp head 作为基线")
+                await asyncio.to_thread(_alembic_stamp_head)
+    await asyncio.to_thread(_alembic_upgrade_head)
+
 DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS = [
    {"code": "view_dashboard", "name": "查看仪表盘", "module": "dashboard"},
    {"code": "view_moldinsight", "name": "使用模具分析", "module": "moldinsight"},
@@ -115,8 +150,7 @@ async def init_database(keep_connected: bool = True):
    """初始化数据库"""
    try:
        await db_manager.connect()
-        await db_manager.create_tables()
-        await ensure_schema_updates()
+        await _run_alembic_migrations()
        
        async with db_manager.session() as session:
            perm_map = await init_permissions(session)
@@ -153,97 +187,5 @@ async def init_database(keep_connected: bool = True):
            await db_manager.disconnect()


-async def ensure_schema_updates():
-    async with db_manager.engine.begin() as conn:
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE products ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS item_type VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'finished'"))
-        await conn.execute(text("UPDATE products SET item_type = 'finished' WHERE item_type IS NULL"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS production_status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'not_started'"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS production_no VARCHAR(50)"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS planned_material_cost DOUBLE PRECISION DEFAULT 0"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS actual_material_cost DOUBLE PRECISION DEFAULT 0"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE purchase_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS received_date TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE purchase_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS paid_date TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE"))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS product_materials (
-                id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
-                finished_product_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id),
-                material_product_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id),
-                quantity DOUBLE PRECISION NOT NULL,
-                loss_rate DOUBLE PRECISION DEFAULT 0,
-                created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW(),
-                updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
-            )
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS uq_product_material_unique
-            ON product_materials (finished_product_id, material_product_id)
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE mold_cavity_data ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS best_scheme_id VARCHAR(64)"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE mold_cavity_data ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS confidence_score DOUBLE PRECISION"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE mold_cavity_data ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS is_fallback BOOLEAN"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE mold_cavity_data ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS fallback_reason TEXT"))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_mold_cavity_best_scheme_id
-            ON mold_cavity_data (best_scheme_id)
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_mold_cavity_is_fallback
-            ON mold_cavity_data (is_fallback)
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            DO $$
-            BEGIN
-                IF NOT EXISTS (
-                    SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
-                    WHERE conname = 'uq_inventory_product_warehouse'
-                ) THEN
-                    ALTER TABLE inventory
-                    ADD CONSTRAINT uq_inventory_product_warehouse UNIQUE (product_id, warehouse_id);
-                END IF;
-            END $$;
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            DO $$
-            BEGIN
-                IF NOT EXISTS (
-                    SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
-                    WHERE conname = 'ck_inventory_qty_nonnegative'
-                ) THEN
-                    ALTER TABLE inventory
-                    ADD CONSTRAINT ck_inventory_qty_nonnegative
-                    CHECK (quantity >= 0 AND locked_quantity >= 0 AND locked_quantity <= quantity);
-                END IF;
-            END $$;
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            DO $$
-            BEGIN
-                IF NOT EXISTS (
-                    SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
-                    WHERE conname = 'ck_purchase_order_items_qty'
-                ) THEN
-                    ALTER TABLE purchase_order_items
-                    ADD CONSTRAINT ck_purchase_order_items_qty
-                    CHECK (quantity > 0 AND received_quantity >= 0 AND received_quantity <= quantity);
-                END IF;
-            END $$;
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("""
-            DO $$
-            BEGIN
-                IF NOT EXISTS (
-                    SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
-                    WHERE conname = 'ck_sales_order_items_qty'
-                ) THEN
-                    ALTER TABLE sales_order_items
-                    ADD CONSTRAINT ck_sales_order_items_qty
-                    CHECK (quantity > 0 AND delivered_quantity >= 0 AND delivered_quantity <= quantity);
-                END IF;
-            END $$;
-        """))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS manufacturing_date TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE"))
-        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE sales_orders ALTER COLUMN manufacturing_date TYPE TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE"))
-
-
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(init_database(keep_connected=False))
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-"""数据库迁移脚本 - 删除旧表并重新创建"""
-import asyncio
-from shared.database.database import db_manager
-from shared.models.database import Base
-from shared.utils.logger import get_logger
-
-logger = get_logger(__name__)
-
-
-async def migrate_database():
-    """迁移数据库：删除所有表并重新创建"""
-    try:
-        # 连接数据库
-        await db_manager.connect()
-
-        # 删除所有表
-        logger.info("正在删除所有数据库表...")
-        async with db_manager.engine.begin() as conn:
-            await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.drop_all)
-
-        # 重新创建所有表
-        logger.info("正在创建所有数据库表...")
-        async with db_manager.engine.begin() as conn:
-            await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)
-
-        logger.info("数据库迁移完成！")
-
-        return True
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"数据库迁移失败: {e}")
-        return False
-    finally:
-        await db_manager.disconnect()
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    import sys
-
-    # 检查命令行参数
-    if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--force':
-        confirm = 'yes'
-    else:
-        print("=== 数据库迁移 ===")
-        print("警告：这将删除所有数据库表和数据！")
-        confirm = input("确认继续？(yes/no): ")
-
-    if confirm.lower() == 'yes':
-        asyncio.run(migrate_database())
-    else:
-        print("已取消迁移")
-
-
-
-
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # models/database.py
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Text, DateTime, Date, JSON, LargeBinary, Boolean, Float, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Numeric
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Text, DateTime, Date, JSON, LargeBinary, Boolean, Float, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Numeric, CheckConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
 from sqlalchemy.sql import func
 from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
@@ -662,6 +662,7 @@ class Inventory(Base):
    __tablename__ = "inventory"
    __table_args__ = (
        UniqueConstraint("product_id", "warehouse_id", name="uq_inventory_product_warehouse"),
+        CheckConstraint("quantity >= 0 AND locked_quantity >= 0 AND locked_quantity <= quantity", name="ck_inventory_qty_nonnegative"),
    )

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
@@ -740,6 +741,9 @@ class PurchaseOrder(Base):
 class PurchaseOrderItem(Base):
    """采购订单明细表"""
    __tablename__ = "purchase_order_items"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint("quantity > 0 AND received_quantity >= 0 AND received_quantity <= quantity", name="ck_purchase_order_items_qty"),
+    )
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
    order_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("purchase_orders.id"), nullable=False)
@@ -860,6 +864,9 @@ class AnalysisMetrics(Base):
 class SalesOrderItem(Base):
    """销售订单明细表"""
    __tablename__ = "sales_order_items"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint("quantity > 0 AND delivered_quantity >= 0 AND delivered_quantity <= quantity", name="ck_sales_order_items_qty"),
+    )
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
    order_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("sales_orders.id"), nullable=False)